A Reading Map for Scientific Spaces: 1,340 Posts of Math Behind Machine Learning
Scientific Spaces (科学空间) has 1,340 posts from 2009 to 2026. A map of its series and a reading order for the math behind machine learning.
Kia ora, I'm Fang Zhang.
I write about where meaning comes from.
If you want to know how language models actually work, why minds get stuck, or what the cosmos can teach about both, start anywhere. Each post stands alone, with its sources linked and its reasoning laid out step by step.

Scientific Spaces (科学空间) has 1,340 posts from 2009 to 2026. A map of its series and a reading order for the math behind machine learning.
Most of us learned to ask questions in a room where the teacher already held the answer. Why that habit follows us out of the exam hall, and what breaks it.
Sebastian Raschka's blog has about 190 posts over thirteen years. A reading order that moves from method to map to practice to the current frontier.
A stage-by-stage map of the best resources for learning LLMs, from foundational math to research-level papers.
VHF radio procedure, sound and light signals, and why marine communication is built around strict, unambiguous formats rather than natural conversation.
The emergency procedures Day Skipper drills hardest, and why the course treats rehearsed response over improvised heroics.
The handful of knots and the underlying principles that make docking and anchoring predictable instead of improvised.
How the course ties together three separate moving systems — wind, tide, and current — into the single practical question of what the water will actually do to your boat.
How marine radar builds a picture out of nothing you can see, and the discipline needed to trust it in fog, at night, or in busy traffic.
How echo sounders actually work, and how the same instrument the course teaches for depth safety doubles as a fish-finder on the water.
A practical quick-reference table of the 64 I Ching hexagrams.
Working through chartwork, compass theory, tides, and collision regulations as a new blog category.
Books, articles, and blogs I'm currently reading or want to get to.
Tools, reference code, training tips and evaluation for building a language model.